DataWindow Reference
Methods for the DataWindow Control

Description

Reports the values of properties of a DataWindow object and controls within the DataWindow object. Each column and graphic control in the DataWindow has a set of properties (listed in DataWindow Object Properties). You specify one or more properties as a string, and Describe returns the values of the properties.

Describe can also evaluate expressions involving values of a particular row and column. When you include Describe's Evaluate function in the property list, the value of the evaluated expression is included in the reported information.

Applies to

Syntax

PowerBuilder

string dwcontrol.Describe ( string propertylist ) 

Return value

Returns a string that includes a value for each property or Evaluate function. A newline character (~n or \n) separates the value of each item in propertylist.

If the property list contains an invalid item, Describe returns an exclamation point (!) for that item and ignores the rest of the property list. Describe returns a question mark (?) if there is no value for a property.

When the value of a property contains an exclamation point or a question mark, the value is returned in quotes so that you can distinguish between the returned value and an invalid item or a property with no value.

If any argument's value is null, the method returns null.

Usage

Use Describe to understand the structure of a DataWindow. For example, you can find out which bands the DataWindow uses and what the datatypes of the columns are. You can also use Describe to find out the current value of a property and use that value to make further modifications.

Describe is often used to obtain the DataWindow's SELECT statement in order to modify it (for example, by adding a WHERE clause).

Property syntax

The syntax for a property in the property list is:

controlname.property

For the types of controls in a DataWindow and their properties with examples, see DataWindow Object Properties

Properties whose value is a list

When a property returns a list, the tab character separates the values in the list. For example, the Bands property reports all the bands in use in the DataWindow as a list.

header[tab]detail[tab]summary[tab]footer[tab]header.1[tab]trailer.1

If the first character in a property's returned value list is a quotation mark, it means the whole list is quoted and any quotation marks within the list are single quotation marks.

For example, the following is a single property value.

" Student[tab]'Andrew'or'[newline]Andy' "

Specifying special characters

There are different ways of specifying special characters in a string in each environment:

Quoted property values

Describe returns a property's value enclosed in quotes when the text would otherwise be ambiguous. For example, if the property's value includes a question mark, then the text is returned in quotes. A question mark without quotes means that the property has no value.

Column name or number

When the control is a column, you can specify the column name or a pound sign (#) followed by the column number. For example, if salary is column 5, then "salary.coltype" is equivalent to "#5.coltype".

Control names

The DataWindow painter automatically gives names to all controls. (In previous versions of PowerBuilder, the painter only named columns and column labels.)

Evaluating an expression

Describe's Evaluate function allows you to evaluate DataWindow painter expressions within a script using data in the DataWindow. Evaluate has the following syntax, which you specify for propertylist.

Evaluate ( 'expression', rownumber )

Expression is the expression you want to evaluate and rownumber is the number of the row for which you want to evaluate the expression. The expression usually includes DataWindow painter functions. For example, in the following statement, Describe reports either 255 or 0 depending on the value of the salary column in row 3:

ls_ret = dw_1.Describe( &
"Evaluate('If(salary > 100000, 255, 0)', 3)")

You can call DataWindow control functions in a script to get data from the DataWindow, but some painter functions (such as LookUpDisplay) cannot be called in a script. Using Evaluate is the only way to call them. (See the example Evaluating the display value of a DropDownDataWindow.)

Sample property values

To illustrate the types of values that Describe reports, consider a DataWindow called dw_emp with one group level. Its columns are named emp and empname, and its headers are named emp_h and empname_h. The following table shows several properties and the returned value. In the first example below, a sample command shows how you might specify these properties for Describe and what it reports.

Examples

PowerBuilder examples

This example calls Describe with some of the properties shown in the previous table. The reported values (formatted with tabs and newlines) follow. Note that because state is not a column in the DataWindow, state.type returns an exclamation point (!):

string ls_request, ls_report
 
ls_request = "DataWindow.Bands DataWindow.Objects "&
      + "empname_h.Text " &
      + "empname_h.Type emp.Type emp.Coltype " &
      + "state.Type empname.Type empname_h.Visible"
 
ls_report = dw_1.Describe(ls_request)

Describe sets the value of ls_report to the following string:

header~tdetail~tsummary~tfooter~theader.1~ttrailer.1~N emp~tempname~temp_h~tempname_h~N "Employee~R~NName"~N text~N column~Nchar(20)~N!

These statements check the datatype of the column named salary before using GetItemNumber to obtain the salary value:

string ls_data_type
integer li_rate
 
ls_data_type = dw_1.Describe("salary.ColType")
IF ls_data_type = "number" THEN
li_rate = dw_1.GetItemNumber(5, "salary")
ELSE
    . . . // Some processing
END IF

Column name or number

This statement finds out the column type of the current column, using the column name:

s = This.Describe(This.GetColumnName()+ ".ColType")

For comparison, this statement finds out the same thing, using the current column's number:

s = This.Describe("#" + String(This.GetColumn()) &
      + ".ColType")

Scrolling and the current row

This example, as part of the DataWindow control's ScrollVertical event, makes the first visible row the current row as the user scrolls through the DataWindow:

s = This.Describe("DataWindow.FirstRowOnPage")
IF IsNumber(s) THEN This.SetRow(Integer(s))

Evaluating the display value of a DropDownDataWindow

This example uses Describe's Evaluate function to find the display value in a DropDownDataWindow column called state_code. You must execute the code after the ItemChanged event, so that the value the user selected has become the item value in the buffer. This code is the script of a custom user event called getdisplayvalue:

string rownumber, displayvalue
 
rownumber = String(dw_1.GetRow())
displayvalue = dw_1.Describe( &
      "Evaluate('LookUpDisplay(state_code) ', " &
      + rownumber + ")")

This code, as part of the ItemChanged event's script, posts the getdisplayvalue event:

dw_1.PostEvent("getdisplayvalue")

Assigning null values based on the column's datatype

The following excerpt from the ItemError event script of a DataWindow control allows the user to blank out a column and move to the next column. For columns with datatypes other than string, the user cannot leave the value empty (which is an empty string and does not match the datatype) without the return code. Data and row are arguments of the ItemError event:

string s
s = This.Describe(This.GetColumnName() &
      + ".Coltype")
 
CHOOSE CASE s
      CASE "number"
      IF Trim(data) = "" THEN
         integer null_num
         SetNull(null_num)
         This.SetItem(row, &
            This.GetColumn(), null_num)
         RETURN 3
      END IF
 
CASE "date"
      IF Trim(data) = "" THEN
      date null_date
      SetNull(null_date)
      This.SetItem(row, &
      This.GetColumn(), null_date)
      RETURN 3
      END IF
 
      . . . // Additional cases for other datatypes
 
END CHOOSE

See also

Create

Modify